French Protectorate in Morocco.
Of the French protectorate IN MOROCCO
30 MARCH 1912 - 16 NOVEMBER 1955
The French protectorate in Morocco (30 March 1912 - November 16 1955) was revisited by Dr. Omar akalay State in Economic Sciences. He renewed vision. Its starting point is the General Act of Algeciras signed and ratified by the powers of the era including the United States in 1906.
This Act, in its preamble, recognizes the independence and sovereignty of the Moroccan state
and the inviolability of its borders.
It also states that the necessary reforms in the military and security will be conducted by overseas advisers under the authority of Moroccan officials.
Finally, this Act was dismissed for Morocco, the establishment of the colonial pact, which since the 17th century, allowing each country to exploit colonizer, in its sole benefit, the country colonized. This means that the infrastructure works decided by the Moroccan government will be international tenders.
Under the Treaty of the Act of Algeciras, the United States has never recognized the French protectorate in Morocco. During his proconsulate, General Lyautey complied with the terms of the Act of Algeciras. For example, it decided to create the Office Cherifian Phosphates to escape this raw material to the seizure of private banks.
In 1918, under pressure from the United States, France has abandoned its claims for Moroccan loans contracted bef
Moroccan loans contracted before 1912
Thus in 1949 the U.S. Congress has threatened France to deny the aid of the Marshall Plan if it restored the colonial pact in Morocco. Too weak to resist American pressure, France brought the dispute before the International Court of Justice in The Hague. The ruling given on 20 August 1952, gave reason to Mohamed V and the United States, saying that Morocco was a sovereign and independent.
Along with the presentation of these facts carefully so far ignored by the colonial Orientalism, Omar akalay outlines the discussions that took place between them Moroccans, between conservatives and modernists.The obscurantist religious forces to the protectorate authorities to delay the country's independence in order to prohibit the education of Muslim girls. These debates have ended on 16 November 1955 with the defeat of religious extremists.
This new approach in the study of the French protectorate of Morocco highlights the role of elders and leaders of Moroccan workers during this period: they were able to intelligently save most of their independence and regain it with a human cost relatively moderate.
(Omar akalay: Protectorate FRENCH IN MOROCCO
Mar 30 1912 - 16 November 1955 / Marshan - CASABLANCA-2008)